I have seen a couple of different building techniques that have appeared in my fb-feed. Partly the French Brikawood, which is built with small pieces, and partly some house from one of the neighboring countries to the east built with "double" walls. (check the links so you understand what I mean)
What they have in common is that neither of them seems to use any kind of vapor barrier on the inside and also no air gap on the outside. However, they use cellulose-based insulation material. I assume they then believe that neither a vapor barrier nor an air gap is needed. It's possible that it works, but I am curious. I have tried to find something about how they think at Brikawood but without success. Does anyone have more knowledge about this??
https://www.brikawood-ecologie.fr/en/