In our old house, it's time to start covering a lot of interior walls with panels or planks and install ceiling panels. Through these walls, there will be a number of load-bearing timber beams, whole or in part, and through the ceiling wood paneling, there will be uprights from these beams. In other words, I have the challenge of making tight holes in boards and panels, preferably so tight that no molding would be needed. How is this done? I'll take some example pictures when I get home...

Are there any tips from experienced carpenters? Is it about taking something like this and measuring carefully?

http://www.axminster.co.uk/axminster-flexible-curve-100324
 
Paper templates maybe?

Otherwise, there is a tool (I don't know what it's called, contour gauge maybe?) that consists of lots of metal pins or blades that lie close together, which can be used to copy a contour. Together with a protractor, it should be possible to achieve really good fit around irregular shapes, if you're careful.

I don't own one myself, in the few instances I've needed to fit irregular shapes, I usually make myself a small wooden strip with a pencil mounted perpendicularly at the end. The construction looks something like a marking gauge without the offset. Works great if you need to fit a board against a slanted or crooked wall, for instance.

I doubt the crooked ruler you linked to, it looks flimsy and unreliable.

Profile gauge is what it's called! https://www.jula.se/catalog/verktyg-och-maskiner/matinstrument/matverktyg/profilmallar/
 
A compass makes the task just as easy, set the compass width to the largest distance - Place the material against the post/beam, position the compass 90 degrees against the post/beam and trace the contour onto the material to be installed. Cut out, and it should fit perfectly!

I often use this method when laying floors against uneven surfaces but also for fitting trim pieces against uneven walls and ceilings. Quick and smooth, and you can handle long stretches.
It clearly resembles Strips' method above but allows you to easily set the compass directly and avoid worrying about the distance and how much needs to be removed.
 
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