They have most likely not had any other function than as the base for the filling. Stabilization between beams in older houses consists of cross bracing, slender sticks placed between the top of one beam and the underside of the adjacent beam and a stick in the opposite direction to form a cross. (Hence the name cross bracing.)
Since you will have plasterboard or another sheet material as the ceiling afterwards, you will likely need to nail up some form of spaced paneling. Choose 28x70 cc 400 and place your mineral wool on top between the beams on the base.
(There technically shouldn't be a need for a vapor barrier (plastic foil) in a floor between levels (as the temperature is the same on both the underside and the topside, with no moisture migration), but it's still good to lay a plastic foil above the spaced paneling to prevent moisture from rising that way from the level below, especially in a kitchen, bathroom, and other places where warm, humid air occurs in large amounts.)
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Byggaren.