When cross-bracing - should the two slats be attached to each other in the middle of the "cross" or are they mounted completely independent of each other?
 
One usually does not fasten them together. Not from what I have seen anyway.
It is basically only one of the braces that works at a time. The one that is under tension cannot be relied upon to have the nail/screw transfer any load.
 
I was just reading in Träguiden about krysskolvning. And it says:
Träguiden said:
To distribute loads in the transverse direction, krysskolvning is traditionally applied. However, the method provides only marginal improvement in stiffness.
http://www.traguiden.se/TGtemplates/popup1spalt.aspx?id=1252

So you probably don't need to worry about krysskolvning and can ignore it instead.
 
I think it gets really stiff just by crossing....
 
Yes, they rarely did things just for fun in the past...

The wood guide and similar sites are great, but you must not forget that they live off selling timber. Of course, they want you to use thicker beams instead.
It can also be difficult to theoretically account for any significant effect of cross-bracing outside of concentrated load cases, which rarely determine dimensions.
 
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