Hello.
We live in a 1940s house with solid wooden walls. Above the door openings, there is a crossbeam that distributes the load to the sides. See Image 1: (this is a picture of another door opening but the same principle)
Wooden door frame in a 1940s house with crossbeam above the opening.

Above this door opening and above the entire wooden wall, there is a 50 x 75mm (lying down) beam, and on top of that is the attic floor. Here's a simple 3D view of what the current wall looks like.
Dimensions: Yellow wall boards: 180x45
Green wall board: 180x45
Purple overlying beam: 50x75 (lying down)
Red attic joists: 180x60 (cc 600mm)
The door opening will be 1m wide
3D view of a wall structure with a doorway. Features yellow wooden boards, a green beam above the door, and red ceiling beams.

This door opening is currently only about 190 cm high and needs to be raised since I am taller than that. Ideally, we want to raise it (the door opening) all the way up to the ceiling to create as airy and uniform a passage as possible between the living room and the hall. So my question is how thick does a relieving beam like the green one need to be? Can we instead distribute the load to the attic by attaching the attic beam to the neighbors in some way?

We will also lower the ceiling a bit since we have an old plaster ceiling with spots and holes from an earlier (repaired) water damage, so a 22mm slat will be added. Could we somehow replace the green relieving board with a steel beam with a height of about 30/40 mm? We could then consider lowering the entire ceiling (more than 22 mm) to accommodate such a beam instead.

Grateful for answers // Tomatpinne
 
I would have offloaded in the attic, if it really is just an attic.
Place a plank, e.g. 175 on edge over 5 rafters, secured with more robust perforated tape over the new beam.
 
Today it's just an attic, but we're considering adding a half floor at some point in the future, so it would be best if it could be kept in the same plane as the attic floor. Sorry I forgot to write that in the original text.
 
Is every cc 600 beam a truss?

If so, you can probably remove up to the roof without any problem.
Screw a floor in the attic beforehand, and the issue will likely become even smaller.
 
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