I've installed some electrical wiring in the basement. Now I'm planning to patch up the holes after I've chiseled parts of the wall. I read online that you should use mortar mix B or C. I'm not sure which one is best for my wall?
Also, I'm wondering if you can plaster directly on the wall even if there's paint? Or do I need to sand off the paint where I want to plaster for it to hold?

Electrical wiring in a basement wall, with visible conduit and rough opening, prepared for plaster repair. Electrical box installed in a rough plastered basement wall with visible holes and conduit; context of wall refinishing discussed.
 
I would recommend that you replace the boxes with a flush box or chase box. Personally, I like these: https://www.elbutik.se/product.html/spardosa They are also available at Jula, but I don't think they have extra grommets there. It looks significantly more professional to have grommets that you attach the conduit to, instead of just holes like that. It will be difficult to cut the pipes in the box properly afterward.

The chase box/flush box also comes with a flush cover. This allows you to plaster over it when repairing the wall. Then you just scrape off the plaster by breaking off the cover. This results in a perfect plaster edge around the box.

I have personally repaired with gypsum plaster when I've chased. But then I plastered the entire wall with medium filler afterward. If you're plastering, I would use plaster mix c. It might be good to moisten a bit beforehand, so the plaster doesn't dry out too quickly.
 
Scrape off the paint. Priming is necessary for adhesion. Slaking might also work. Depending on the hardness of your plaster, you use either equally hard plaster or a softer one. It's probably c mortar in the surface layer. Apply a thin layer of plaster from the inside in b class and use c class maximum 3 cm on the outside. Rest for a day between the application of different plasters. If you want to paint afterward, it's either silicate paint or kcfärg then. At least seven days must pass before painting.
 
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